Periscope.



A. HOLLANDER.

PERISCOPE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12. 1916.

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A. HOLLANDER.

PERISCOPE.

APPLlcATloN FILED, Avn. 12. Isls.

l,290,746. Patented Jan. 7,1919.

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sTATEs I ALADAR HOLLANDEN, or NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT. AssIGNoR To ELECTRIC BOAT ATEN orriou.

COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., .A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

PERISCOPE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Y

Application med April 12, 191s. serialndsoia To all whomz't mag/concern:

Be it known that I, ALADAR 'HoLLANDEm a citizen of Hun'gar and a resident of New London, county of New London,and `State of Connecticut, have invented certain'new andv useful Improvements iny Periscopes; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. Y

This invention relates to -periscopes, and particularly to periscopes for' submarine boats. Periscopes as now constructed for submariney 'boats embody a hermetically sea-fled tube :project-ing to vthe desired distance above the vessel-and lhaving at-'or near its upper end an'objective for receiving the image to be viewed, and at its lowerend within the hull ofthe boa-t a suitable eyepiece through which thef-imagelmay be observed Aby means of interposed reflectors at theY objective -andthe eye-piece. v Itis essential to` thesat-isf-actory use -of a periscope that the periscope tube contain dry air or other gas and be hermetically sea-led against-the admission offmoisture, as otherwise the lowering of the temperature, such for instanceY as produced by the submergencey of thevperiscope'linto water colder than'the-'ai'r,` will cause :the contained moisture :to condense `on 'the' surface `of the.l reflectors and lensesand other optical `members of the systeml andobscur'e the imageso that accurate observation is impossible.:V

` It -is-'also desirable "to .arrange in the lens system of the periseope certain shiftable elements -wherebythe magnifying power -of the periscope may -be altered to permit-either an observation ofwide 'extentor a magnified view of a smaller extent.

The use of vsuch shiftable elements, while a simplematt'er from an optical standpoint, involves a question: of practical difficulty in thai-@the movement must be-eftected 'from' a control device locatedwithout the periscope, thereby necessitating the use of a power operated shifting mechanism inclosed entirely within the periscope, .-or Y a part movably mounted in the wa'll ofthe periscope, vto communicate themovementv of the manually operated exterior' part tothe shifting mechnism for the lenses. The use of la motor-operated apparatus is objectionable Afrom the standpoint. of. cost, Valsof for the reason of inaccessibility of the apparatus for adjust- Vment or repair while the manually operated device as heretofore constructed is open to the more yserious objection that no matter how carefully constructed and packed, .the

jointth-roughthe wall` of the periscope cannot `be maintained absolutely tightvand in a short time the contained gas in the periscope absorbs sui'cient moisture to rproduce the objectionable .condensation above described.

l The object of my present-invention is to Patented Jan. 7, 1919.V

Figure ll is a. sideelevation'partly in secv tion of my improved periseope, the section being taken on line I-l of Fig. 8;

Fig. Q is a transverse section on line 2-2 ofFig.1; Y,

1 Fig. Bris a view-similar to F ig .,-1 atgright angles thereto,` the sections being taken on line 3-3of Fig. l; and

Fig. 4 is a detail view of a portion of the operating connections for-shifting` the lenses ofthe perisccpe. l

Referringto the drawings, 1 indicates the periscope tube having the lateral opening 2 closedfby theiobjective glass 3 which may have .either plane surfaces as shown or curved surfacesv to 4constitute one of the lenses 'of the system. Back of the glass 3 and iiredly'supported. on the periscope is a prismatic reiectcrk 4, the same being'supported between a pairof spaced standards 5 whose base is carriedvby a transverse web of the periscope tube.

Set in the rear edgesof the standards 5 aretwostub-shafts 6 on one of which is mounted a pinionf? rigidlyattached to the hub of one ofthe swinging-bracket arms 8 which supportthe integrally. attached lensbracket9s'"l The lens-bracket 9'comprises La lens supporting web connecting Vthe outer ends of the arms 8 -andfanarm'l'O projecting from the' web-and curved to be substantially teeth of the pinion, the rack being pivotally mounted on a pin 12 projecting from the face of the adjacent standard 5. Attached to the hub of the sector-shaped rack and eX- tending oppositely thereto is an arm 13 to whose outer end is attached a tension spring 14, whose lower endis anchored to the base of the standard, whereby the pull of the spring tends to move the rack and rotate the lens-carrying bracket in a clockwise direction.

Thetwo standards 5 are connected at the upper ends by a transverse bridge-piece carrying two stops 15, 15a for limiting the movement of the lens-carrying bracketto exactly v180 degrees, as indicated in full and dotted lines in Fig. 1. V

For operating the rack 11 against tension of the spring there is provided a cable 16 connected tothe hook 17 in the outerface of the sector and extending down the periscope tube close to the wall'thereof to a point adjacent the eye-piece 18 where its lower'end is attached to the horizontal larm of a bell crank lever 19'. The lever 19 is fulcrumed on-a vrod 20 extending across a housing 21 attached to the wall ofthe periscope immediately the periscope.` The rod 20 is set slightly below the middle line of the housing and the short upwardly projecting arm ofthe bell crank'is pivotally connected to' a thrust rod 22 supported in the end wall ofthe housing.

' The rod 22 is formed of two parts threaded together as shown in section in Fig. 3 so vas to be clamped on opposite sides of' a diarod 22 is suiiicientto shiftthe movable lenses through their intended'arc of', 180 degrees and a knob v24 is providedv onv the end of the rod for facilitating its operation.'

In order to maintain the rod in its innermost position in which thev spring' is held under tension, a latch may be provided, here shown as consisting of va cam rod 27 mountapart, whereby in one position of A abovethe eye-piece and with itsV interior communicating with thev inside of 1,290,746Y o n Y s v ed axially in the rod 22 with its inclined cam face engaging the catch28 which' engages a socket in the bearing .29 of the rod 22.' lThe end of the cam rod'is spring-held in its outer position and is provided with a smallknobBO fitting arecess in the outer face of the knob 24. The bearing 29 for the rod 22 is preferably packed as shown as a safeguard in case of an accident to the periscope which would subject the diaphragm to an external pressure greater than it c'ould stand. Y Y

The diaphragm 23fmay obviously bemade perfectly tight, the joints at the edge'and at the stem being` brazed or soldered if desired, so that the periscope tube is perfectly sealed against moisture. for an'indefinite period, and a pet cock is provided 'to relieve the pressure between the diaphragm and the end Y Y Y Y 85 The diaphragm is preferably made of wall of the housing.

corrugated metal as shown as the most4 suitable -`material combining flexibilityV and durability, but obviously other materials may be used, and other changes .in the operating mechanism and the mounting ofthe lenses may also be made within the scope of my invention as defined in the fappendedY claims. V-

My invention may also be used with equal advantage for shifting Vopticalparts (prisms and lenses) for other than magnifying purposes as for example, looking out of an upper window for aeroplanes, window without turning the periscope.

1. In a periscope adapted to*l be hermetically sealed, the combination of an adjustable member within vsaid tube, andmeans for operating said memberY from a shiftable element without said tubefcomprising a movor Vout of a back Y l able actuating member passing through the wall of said tube and a flexible part rigidly attachedto said actuating'member and also rigidly attached to said tube.

"2. In a periscope adapted cally sealed, the combination of anV adjustable member within said tubeymeans for operating said member from without said tube comprising a member mounted for reciprocation in the vwall of saidV tube, andfa iiexible diaphragm fixedly attached to said member and tojthe wall ofsaid tube;

3. In a periscope, adapted to be hermetically sealed, the combinationV of an adjustable 'member within said tube,` and Vmeans for operating said fmember fromwithout said tube comprising almanually operatable member mounted for reciproca-tion inthe wall of said tube, a diaphragm of corrugated to be hermetisheet metalriixedlyfattached tosaidmember Y of several elements, certain of said elements being movable into and out of operative p0- sition in said system, a pivot-ally mounted carrier for said elements, a spring for normally holding said carrier in one position of adjustment, and means for adjusting said carrier against the tension of its spring comprising a cylindrical housing projecting laterally from the wall of said periscope, a rod slidingly mounted in said housing and operatively connected to said carrier, and a flexible diaphragm connected at its center to said rod and at its periphery to the wall of said housing.

5. In a periscope the combination of a periscope tube containing an optical system of several elements, certain of said elements being movable into and out of operative position in said system, a pivotally mounted carrier for said elements, a spring for normally holding said carrier in one position of adjustment and means for adjusting said Carrier against the tension of its spring comprising a cylindrical housing having a closed end, a rod mounted for sliding movement through the end wall of said housing and operatively connected to said carrier, said end wall having a cavity on its inner face and a flexible diaphragm attached at its center to said rod within said housing and at its periphery to the end wall of said housing surrounding said cavity whereby on reciprocation of said rod said diaphragm may be bowed in either direction.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ALADAR HOLLANDER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

